Inheritance, Innovation and leap-over, Let National Culture Shine -- A century-old Record of Inheritance of Purple Sand Pottery in Wumen, Yixing (I)

中国艺星网/编发/愉快

Chinese art star/editor/happy

中华文化是世界四个古老文化体系中惟一没有中断自身传统的文化体系，它对人类社会和世界文明进程产生了重大的影响。在这条不曾间断的文化长河中蕴藏着浩瀚精深、灿若繁星的非物质文化遗产。先辈们一代代地将炎黄血脉凝结其中，世代相传，直到今天。

作为中国各族人民智慧的结晶，中国非物质文化遗产在传承和创造的过中程，始终与灿烂的中国文明历史进程紧密联系在一起，体现着中华文明的发达程度，显示了中华儿女在思想和实践上所能达到的智慧高度。在中华文明的进程中，这些非物质文化遗产为中国各族人民构筑起安身立命的精神家园。

非物质文化遗产包含着影响社会现实、维护民族文化统一性的基因。中国非物质文化遗产所蕴含的浓浓中华之情，是促进民族团结、保持国家统一的坚实基础。保护和利用好中国非物质文化遗产有利于培育民族认同感，增强社会的凝聚力和创造力。非物质文化遗产中贯穿着一条抵御时间消蚀力、保持民族文化连续性的血脉。中国非物质文化遗产所蕴含的中华民族的强烈认同感是超越社会变迁、维系情感交融的特殊纽带。保护和利用好中国非物质文化遗产，有利于民族精神的凝结和绵延，对实现中华民族的伟大复兴有不可估量的作用和意义。

中国非物质文化遗产是全人类的珍贵财富，在世界文化宝库中享有崇高的地位。它所体现的思维方式、价值观念和行为准则等备受全世界的关注和重视。不同国家、不同民族的人们正日益深刻地认识到中华文化与世界和平、人类和谐和共同繁荣之间的密切关系，并藉此翘望人类文明可持续发展的未来。

Chinese culture is the only one among the four ancient cultural systems in the world that has not broken its own tradition. It has had a great impact on human society and world civilization. In this uninterrupted long river of culture, there are vast and profound intangible cultural heritage. Generations of ancestors have congealed the yellow blood, which has been passed down from generation to generation until today.

As the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, China's intangible cultural heritage has always been closely linked with the splendid historical process of Chinese civilization in the course of its inheritance and creation, reflecting the advanced level of Chinese civilization and demonstrating the wisdom that the sons and daughters of the Chinese people can achieve in thought and practice. In the course of the Chinese civilization, these intangible cultural heritages have built a spiritual home for the people of all ethnic groups in China.

Intangible cultural heritage contains genes that influence social reality and maintain national cultural unity. The strong Chinese feeling embodied in China's intangible cultural heritage is a solid foundation for promoting ethnic unity and maintaining national unity. Protecting and making good use of China's intangible cultural heritage is conducive to fostering a sense of national identity and enhancing social cohesion and creativity. Intangible cultural heritage runs through a blood line to resist the erosion of time and maintain the continuity of national culture. The strong sense of identity of the Chinese nation contained in China's intangible cultural heritage is a special bond that transcends social changes and maintains emotional integration. To protect and make good use of China's intangible cultural heritage is conducive to the condensation and continuity of the national spirit, and plays an immeasurable role and significance in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

China's intangible cultural heritage is the precious wealth of mankind and enjoys a high status in the world's cultural treasure house. Its mode of thinking, values and codes of conduct have attracted worldwide attention and attention. People from different countries and ethnic groups are increasingly aware of the close relationship between Chinese culture and world peace, human harmony and common prosperity, and are looking forward to the future of sustainable development of human civilization.

鼎蜀陶史

History of Dingshu pottery

丁蜀镇是江苏省宜兴市下辖的一个乡镇，位于美丽的太湖之滨、苏浙皖三省交界之处。丁蜀镇古称鼎蜀镇，由鼎山镇、蜀山镇、汤渡三镇组成。是我国著名的制陶中心。丁蜀的陶瓷产品以典雅、端 庄、色泽古朴、工艺精湛而著称。其中的紫砂陶、均陶，青瓷、精陶、彩陶，被誉为陶瓷艺术的“五朵金花”，风靡天下。紫砂陶则是陶器中的精品。

紫砂陶生产始于北宋，采用当地特有的紫砂泥制成，透气性好，吸收性强。其中紫砂茶具最富特色。它造型古朴，质地细腻，色泽浑厚，雕缕精细，融工艺、诗画、印章、图画为一体，极富民族特色和风味。紫砂壶使用年代越久，器身色泽越加光润古雅。用紫砂茶具沏茶，有“泡茶不走味, 贮茶不变色、盛暑不易馊“的特点。自20世纪以来，宜兴生产的精品紫砂茶具参加各种国际博览会和艺术展览会等近百次，多次荣获奖状和金质奖章，在国际上有很高的声誉。

为弘扬民族品牌，展示中华文化，塑造宜兴历史象征和文化标志，让宜兴丁蜀在世界舞台上找到自己的坐标。1980年在丁蜀镇建起了“宜兴陶瓷陈列馆”。1991年宜兴陶瓷陈列馆扩建，扩建后更名为“中国宜兴陶瓷博物馆”，并由时任全国人大副委员长的彭冲书题馆名。2013年又获批“中国紫砂博物馆”，成一馆双牌的陶瓷文化单位，也是宜兴历史上第一座“国字号”博物馆。

Dingshu Town is a town under the jurisdiction of Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, located in the beautiful Taihu Lake, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces border. Dingshu Town, known as Ding Shu Town in ancient times, is composed of Dingshan Town, Shushan Town and Tangdu Town. It is our famous pottery center. Ding Shu ceramic products are famous for their elegance, modesty, primitive color and exquisite workmanship. Among them, purple sand pottery, homogeneous pottery, celadon, fine pottery, painted pottery, known as the ceramic art of the "five golden flowers", popular all over the world. Purple sand pottery is a fine pottery.

The production of zisha pottery began in the Northern Song Dynasty. It was made of local zisha clay with good air permeability and strong absorption. Among them, purple sand tea set is the most distinctive. It is simple in shape, delicate in texture, rich in color and color, fine in carving. It integrates craftsmanship, poetry and painting, seals and pictures, with rich national characteristics and flavor. The longer the age of the purple clay pot, the more glossy and elegant the body color. Make tea with purple sand tea set, there is "tea flavor, tea storage does not change color, summer is not easy to sour" characteristics. Since the 20th century, the fine purple sand tea sets produced in Yixing have participated in various international fairs and art exhibitions for nearly 100 times, and won awards and gold MEDALS for many times, which has a high reputation in the world.

In order to carry forward the national brand, display the Chinese culture, shape the historical symbol and cultural symbol of Yixing, let Yixing Ding Shu find their own coordinates on the world stage. In 1980, the Yixing Ceramic Exhibition Hall was built in Dingshu Town. In 1991, Yixing Ceramic Museum was expanded and renamed as "China Yixing Ceramic Museum". Peng Chong, Vice chairman of the National People's Congress at that time, wrote the title of the museum. In 2013, it was also approved as "China Purple Sand Museum", which is a double-brand ceramic cultural unit and the first "national brand" museum in Yixing's history.

丁蜀的陶文化是中国陶文化的重要组成部分。我国的陶文化有一万多年的悠久历史，是世界上独一无二的人类陶器文明。

陶器的发明诞生于原始社会新石器时代，有一万年的悠久历史。考古发现的距今约10000年新石器时代早期的残陶片，是新石器时代的一个重要标志，是人类发明史上的重要成果之一，是灿烂的古代人类文化的重要组成部分。

制陶技艺在我国南北方地区上万年连续未断，是中华文明万年未断的一个重要标志。在这上万年的历史长河中，我国的陶瓷从最早的粗砂陶到印纹硬陶、原始瓷、青釉瓷、白釉瓷到宋开始的颜色釉瓷，明清时期的彩绘瓷和雕塑瓷依次在技术上取得了一个又一个突破，形成了我国陶瓷史上重要的五个里程碑。

Ding Shu pottery culture is an important part of Chinese pottery culture. Our pottery culture has a long history of more than ten thousand years. It is the unique human pottery civilization in the world.

The invention of pottery was born in the primitive society Neolithic Age, has a long history of ten thousand years. The archaeological discovery of early Neolithic pottery fragments about 10,000 years ago is an important symbol of the Neolithic Age, is one of the important achievements in the history of human invention, and is an important part of the splendid ancient human culture.

Pottery making skills in the northern and southern regions of China have not been broken for thousands of years, which is an important symbol of the Chinese civilization has not broken for thousands of years. In the long history of tens of thousands of years, the ceramics of our country from the earliest coarse sand pottery to printed hard pottery, primitive porcelain, green glaze porcelain, white glaze porcelain to the beginning of Song Dynasty color glaze porcelain, Ming and Qing dynasties painted porcelain and sculpture porcelain achieved a breakthrough in technology, forming five important milestones in the history of Chinese ceramics.

宜兴位于长江下游的太湖之滨，它的文化类型与马家浜文化一脉相传。早在新石器时代,宜兴就有了从事农业和制陶业的原始居民。在宜兴原归径乡的骆驼墩和唐南村等处发现陶瓷碎片，大部分是红陶和夹砂红陶，还有少量灰陶。

ixing is located on the shore of Taihu Lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and its cultural types are inherited from Majiabang culture. As early as the Neolithic Age, Yixing had its original inhabitants engaged in agriculture and pottery. Ceramic fragments were found at Luotuodun and Tangnan Village in Guijing Township of Yixing, most of which were red pottery and red pottery with sand and a small amount of gray pottery.

从宜兴现已发现的多处新石器时期文化遗址就可以看出，远在7000年以前，宜兴的先民就已经掌握了制陶技术，开始进行原始陶器的烧制。

It can be seen from the many Neolithic cultural sites found in Yixing that as far as 7000 years ago, the ancestors of Yixing had mastered the technology of pottery making and began to fire primitive pottery.

到了商周时期，宜兴陶业便有了新的发展。遗址出土的陶类型比较丰富。到了春秋战国时期,宜兴陶瓷的发展已经比较快了，烧制而成的印纹硬陶，原始青瓷也开始产生。这一时期宣兴陶的工艺与装饰均有相当大的提高，并且在遗器中发现了未经选练的初级紫砂泥罐。

春秋末期越国大夫范蠡在帮助勾践兴越国，灭吴国，成就霸业之后，功成身退，与西施一起退隐江湖，在宜兴鼎山一个叫台山的村子隐居下来。两人或泛舟于湖海之上，或游走于市井之间，秀秀恩爱。

范蠡和西施夫唱妇随，在当地大兴陶业，形成了一套比较成熟的制作和烧制工艺，成为世人尊称的陶祖。特别是闻名遐迩的西施壶，更是经典绝伦。西施壶壶身圆润，截盖，短嘴，到把，媚态可掬的西施壶更是紫砂壶器众多款式中最经典、最传统、最受人喜爱的品茗把玩的佳品。

In the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Yixing pottery industry had a new development. The pottery types unearthed from the site are quite rich. By the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, Yixing ceramics had developed rapidly. Hard pottery with printed patterns and primitive celadon were also produced. In this period, the process and decoration of Xuanxing pottery had been greatly improved, and the primary purple clay pot which had not been selected and trained was found in the relics.

Two people or boating on the lake sea, or walk between the streets, show their love.

In particular, the famous Xishi pot is more classic. With a round body, cut lid and short mouth, the charming Xishi pot is the most classic, traditional and popular choice for tea drinking and playing among the many styles of Zisha teapot.

范蠡去世后，人们为了纪念他，就在他居住过的地方建了一座崇福寺。人们为了更加直观的纪念范蠡，在崇福寺树了一尊范蠡的塑像纪念这位伟大的陶祖。

After Fan Li died, people built a Chongfu Temple in his place. In order to commemorate Fan Li more directly, a statue of Fan Li was built in Chongfu Temple to commemorate the great Tao Zu.

在宜兴，与范蠡、西施有关的景物随处可见。如，西施与范蠡居住过的“慕蠡洞”“西施洞”成为为陶祖圣境景区；西施泛舟水上的“西施荡”、“施荡桥”，西施行走过的“归美桥”等。

In Yixing, scenes related to Fan Li and Xi Shi can be seen everywhere. For example, the "Muli Cave" and "Xishi Cave" where Xi Shi and Fan Li lived became the scenic spot of Taozu Holy Land; "Xishidang" and "Shidang Bridge" on the water, and "Guimei Bridge" passed by Xishixing.

丁蜀镇蜀山古南街南边的那条河流，也因当年范蠡和西施泛舟缘故，以范蠡名取为蠡河。历史上，蠡河畔的蜀山老街过半的住户都是从事紫砂生产和经营。这条繁华热闹的“紫砂一条街”作为江苏省第一批古建筑保护单位和宜兴市文物保护单位。

Historically, more than half of the residents of the Shushan Street in Lijiang River are engaged in purple sand production and management. This bustling "Purple Sand Street" as the first batch of ancient building protection units in Jiangsu Province and Yixing City cultural relics protection units.

宜兴制陶业的重要发展时期是秦汉时期，东汉的前期釉陶即已成功烧制,在丁蜀镇以及附近地区，汉窑址就发现了二十多处之多，且规模大、品种多。宜兴地区的几何印纹硬陶和原始青瓷的残片几乎到处可见。

Yixing pottery industry was an important period of development in the Qin and Han dynasties. In the early period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, glazed pottery had been successfully fired. In Dingshu Town and nearby areas, more than 20 Han kiln sites were found, with large scale and variety. Fragments of hard pottery with geometric prints and primitive celadon can be found almost everywhere in Yixing.

汉代南山群窑中的代表性陶瓷产品是釉陶器，也有烧灰陶和红陶。器形以壶、罐、瓮为主，其纹饰为方格纹、窗棂纹、蕉叶纹、水波纹等。大多数瓮罐类产品呈手工打片成型法，证明了当时烧制陶器已成为一项专门的手工业，陶工的成型技术就已日趋熟练。

The representative ceramic products of Nanshan Group kilns in Han Dynasty are glazed pottery, burnt gray pottery and red pottery. The shape of the ware is mainly pot, pot and urn, and its decoration is square pattern, window lattice pattern, banana leaf pattern and water ripple. Most of the urn products were made by hand, which proved that firing pottery had become a specialized handicraft industry at that time, and the forming technology of potters had become increasingly skilled.

汉青瓷谷仓罐

Celadon barn jar of Han Dynasty

三国时期的陶瓷多为青瓷，这些青瓷的加工精细，胎质坚硬，不吸水，表面施有一层青色玻璃质釉。不会有色彩鲜艳的陶瓷出现。

The ceramics of The Three Kingdoms period were mostly celadon. These celadon were fine, hard, non-absorbent and covered with a layer of cyan glassy glaze. There will be no brightly colored ceramics.

唐仿越窑青瓷盘口壶

Tang Fangyue Kiln celadon pan mouth pot

到了三国两晋时期，宜兴南山窑烧造出具有一定质量的青瓷器，器形丰满匀称，造型比较成熟。

五代以后，由于缺乏瓷土等多种原因，青瓷生产中断，但是对南方青瓷的烧制则影响不大，五代到宋初时期宜兴的窑址仍然很多。

宋代时宜兴日用陶器兴起，形成以丁蜀和西渚五圣庙为中心的产区。主要烧制缸、钵、瓮、罐等器皿。北宋宣和年间，宫廷陈设贡器中已有仿宜均鹬蚌式洗的宋钧窑蟠桃核笔洗和仿宜均长颈瓶的宋汝窑粉青纸槌奉华瓶。

宋代宜兴的陶窑主要分布在两个地区，一是以丁蜀镇为中心，一是以西渚五圣庙为中心。丁蜀镇为中心的宋代陶窑主要有象牙山南麓的龙窑群，青龙山的缸窑群，蜀山龙窑群，南山龙窑群，还有烧造早期紫砂的蠡墅羊角山龙窑。除羊角山龙窑外，其余的龙窑都是烧制中小型陶缸、陶钵、陶瓮等器皿。由于陶器品种的多样化，工艺技术的日趋完善，从日用的陶盆、陶罐、陶钵中又渐渐派生出新品种，那就是紫砂陶。紫砂陶在宋代的问世，为宜兴陶瓷历史增添了浓墨重彩的篇章。在民间流传最广、最深、最普遍的故事，莫过于“东坡提梁壶”，历来为壶界所珍。

In the period of The Three Kingdoms and Jin Dynasties, the Nanshan Kiln of Yixing produced blue porcelain with certain quality, which was plump and symmetrical and relatively mature in shape.

After the Five Dynasties, celadon production was interrupted due to the lack of porcelain clay and other reasons, but it had little impact on the firing of celadon in the south. There were still many kiln sites in Yixing from the Five Dynasties to the early Song Dynasty.

In the Song Dynasty, Yixing's daily pottery flourished, forming the producing area centered around Dingshu and Xizhu Five Holy Temples. The main firing jars, bowls, urns, POTS and other utensils. During the reign of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty, the tributaries displayed in the imperial court had peach core pen washing in the Song Jun Kiln modeled after the snipe and clam washing style and pink green paper mallet Fenghua bottle in the Song Ru kiln modeled after the long neck bottle.

Pottery kilns in Yixing in Song Dynasty were mainly distributed in two areas, one is Dingshu Town as the center, the other is Xizhu Five Holy Temple as the center. The pottery kilns in the Song Dynasty centered in Dingshu Town mainly include the dragon kilns in the southern foot of Ivory Mountain, the cylinder kilns in Qinglong Mountain, the Shushan Dragon kilns, the Nanshan Dragon kilns, and the Yangjiaoshan Dragon kilns in the villa where early purple sand was fired. Except Yangjiaoshan Dragon Kiln, other dragon kilns are small and medium-sized pottery POTS, POTS, urns and other vessels. Due to the diversity of pottery varieties and the improvement of technology, a new variety is gradually derived from the daily pottery basin, pottery pot, pottery pot, and that is zisha pottery. The appearance of zisha pottery in the Song Dynasty added an indelible chapter to the history of Yixing ceramics. In the folk spread the most widespread, the deepest, the most common story, is nothing more than "Dongpo beam pot", has always been a precious pot.

明清时期，宜兴均釉工艺达到相当高的水平。明代宜兴名窑“欧窑”所制宜均陶器形制端庄，釉彩绚丽夺目。“欧窑妍且姱，绚丽同晨苑”，这是人们对“欧窑”釉色的赞誉。北京故宫和台北故宫两个博物院中珍藏的“宜均天蓝釉鸠首壶”“宜兴天蓝釉莲花洗”等数十件明代文物，都折射出宜兴均釉的艺术成就。

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, Yixing glaze leveling technology reached a very high level. The pottery made by the famous kiln "Ou Kiln" in Yixing of the Ming Dynasty is dignified in shape and dazzling in glaze color. "European Kiln Yan and cool, gorgeous with the morning garden", this is people's praise for the glaze color of "European Kiln". Dozens of Ming Dynasty cultural relics collected in the Palace Museum of Beijing and the Palace Museum of Taipei, such as "Yijun Sky Blue Glazed Jiushou Pot" and "Yixing Sky Blue Glazed Lotus Washing", all reflect Yixing's artistic achievements.

明正德年间，提学副使吴颐山，携带书僮朱昌，读书于大潮山福源禅寺。吴颐山一生最大的成就，就是提倡用“茗壶”泡茶。他在大潮山福源禅寺中设计制作了一种泡茶的紫砂壶，以“供”为壶，以“春”为茶。缘于此，他在茶壶上刻了“供春”二字。从此以后，冲泡散茶的紫砂壶就命名为供春壶。吴颐山的供春紫砂壶充满了浓浓的文人雅士的情趣，一经问世便不同凡响，加之吴颐山及其家族在当时社会上的非凡影响力，紫砂壶便成了上流社会书案茶几上的雅品，吴颐山成为紫砂壶的鼻祖。

During the reign of Ming Zhengde, Wu Yishan, the deputy minister of learning, and Zhu Chang, his servant, studied in the Fuyuan Zen Temple in the Spring Tide Mountain. Wu Yishan's greatest achievement in life was to advocate the use of "tea pot" to make tea. He designed and made a purple clay kettle for making tea in the Fuyuan Zen Temple in the Spring Mountain, with "serving" as the kettle and "spring" as the tea. For this reason, he carved the word "for spring" on the teapot. Since then, the purple clay pot for brewing loose tea has been named for spring pot. Wu Yishan's purple sand pot for spring is full of thick taste of literati and scholars, once it came out, it was extraordinary. Coupled with Wu Yishan and his family's extraordinary influence in the society at that time, the purple sand pot became the elegant goods on the tea table of the upper society, Wu Yishan became the originator of the purple sand pot.

到了明嘉靖、万历年间，宜兴丁蜀一带已经发展成为陶器生产集中地，出现了“宜兴窑”、“欧窑”和“蜀山窑”等四、五十座有龙窑，分别作为烧造日用陶器、均釉陶器和是陶器的三大名窑载誉于世，初步形成紫砂、均釉、堆花三类特种工艺陶鼎足而立的格局。

到了清代，丁蜀镇域内龙窑密布，成为繁华的窑场，70多座大小龙窑分布在青龙山北麓的宝山寺附近，以及蜀山、汤渡、任墅、胡渎、潜洛、上袁等地。

In the Jiajing and Wanli dynasties of the Ming Dynasty, the Dingshu area of Yixing had developed into a center of pottery production. There were 40 to 50 dragon kilns, including Yixing Kiln, Ou Kiln and Shushan Kiln, which were renowned in the world as three famous kilns for daily pottery, uniform glaze pottery and pottery, respectively. A pattern of three special craft pottery POTS, namely purple sand, uniform glaze and flower-pile, was initially formed.

In the Qing Dynasty, Dingshu Town was densely covered with dragon kilns and became a prosperous kiln farm. More than 70 large and small dragon kilns were distributed in the vicinity of Baoshan Temple at the north foot of Qinglong Mountain, as well as Shushan, Tangdu, Renshu, Hudu, Qianluo, Shangyuan and other places.

清代丁蜀陶业的发展和商贸非常活跃，极为辉煌。嘉庆年间，丁蜀镇的欧窑（均陶）、蜀山窑（紫砂）和宜兴窑（日用陶），已成为闻名于世的宜兴的三大支柱产业。紫砂器的品种日益增多，主要有壶、杯、瓶、鼎、花盆及各种陈设品，当时紫砂铭刻和款署开始盛行，汇集了文字、绘画、篆刻诸艺术要素于一体，成为紫砂工艺的又一特色，使壶工努力于书画艺术的追求，导致名工名士创制了“允称双绝”的紫砂精品，许多珍品选入皇宫或被销往国外而传为名器。

The development of Ding Shu pottery industry and trade was very active and brilliant in Qing Dynasty. During the reign of Jiaqing, Ou Kiln (Jun pottery), Shushan kiln (zisha sand) and Yixing Kiln (daily pottery) in Dingshu Town had become the three pillar industries of Yixing, which was famous all over the world. The varieties of zisha ware are increasing day by day, mainly pot, cup, bottle, tripod, flower pot and various furnishings, zisha inscriptions and department began to be popular at that time, bringing together the artistic elements of writing, painting, seal cutting in one, becoming another feature of zisha technology, so that the kettle workers in the pursuit of painting and calligraphy art, leading to the famous workers and famous people to create a "allow the name of the double" zisha fine products, Many treasures were selected for the imperial palace or sold abroad and passed on as artifacts.

随着近代中外经贸往来的增加以及国内商业资本的发展，使宜兴紫砂业发生了重大而深远的变化，那就是由传统的手工作坊式的制作逐步转变为近代陶瓷商号或公司的批量生产，紫砂壶商号和公司如雨后春笋般迅速在无锡、上海乃至国外成立，陶器店也辐射到了东南亚各国及日本。大师们一边在宜兴开设作坊，一边在上海、天津、杭州、无锡等地以及国外开设商行或公司。光绪二十八年，宜兴鼎山宕窑户鲍氏和陈氏合资在新加坡开设“鼎生福”陶瓷店；1903年，宜兴鼎蜀镇窑户张士清在杭州开设了“张万隆”陶器店；1905年，赵松亭创办“艺古斋”；1909年，潘宝仁创办“阳羡紫砂陶业公司”。进入民国之后，烧制紫砂的龙窑计已有10座，年产量100万件以上，部分精品分别被外国艺术馆、博物馆收藏，并在百年一度的芝加哥博览会、伦敦国际艺术展览会上获得奖状和金质奖章。当时，制作均釉堆花陶器的窑户有80余户，产品销往全国各地，并出口日本、东南亚各国。

With the increase of economic and trade exchanges between China and foreign countries in modern times and the development of domestic commercial capital, Yixing purple sand industry has undergone significant and far-reaching changes, that is, gradually changed from the traditional artisan-style production to the mass production of modern ceramic houses or companies, and purple clay pot houses and companies mushroomed in Wuxi, Shanghai and even abroad. Pottery shops also spread to Southeast Asian countries and Japan. While the masters opened workshops in Yixing, they also opened business houses or companies in Shanghai, Tianjin, Hangzhou, Wuxi and other places as well as abroad. In the 28th year of Guangxu, Baoshi and Chen, the kiln owners of Dingshan in Yixing, opened a joint venture "Dingsheng Fu" ceramic shop in Singapore. In 1903, Zhang Shiqing, a kiln owner in Dingshu Town, Yixing, opened the "Zhang Wanlong" pottery shop in Hangzhou. In 1905, Zhao Songting founded "Yi Guzhai". In 1909, Pan Baoren founded "Yangxian Purple Sand Pottery Company". After the Republic of China, there were 10 dragon kilns firing purple sand, with an annual output of more than 1 million pieces. Some of the fine works were collected by foreign art galleries and museums, and won awards and gold MEDALS in the Chicago Exposition and London International Art Exhibition once a century. At that time, there were more than 80 kilns making uniform glaze pile flower pottery, and their products were sold all over the country, and exported to Japan and Southeast Asian countries.

1912年，传承祖艺一直在做紫砂陶器的宜兴鼎蜀镇人吴汉文在宜兴县城开设了“吴德盛陶器行”，吴德盛陶器行是当时宜兴专营紫砂的唯一商号；同年，戴国宝在上海新北门吉祥街创办“铁画轩”陶器店，周文伯在宜兴蜀山兴办的“利用陶业公司”，宜兴葛逸云与日本商人和田一雄在大阪合资开设了陶器店；1914年，窑户华荫棠在宜兴丁山边开设“华万隆”陶器店。同年，江苏省民政长韩国钧聘请樊均、葛翼云两人为参加美国三藩市“太平洋万国巴拿马博览会”任宜兴陶器公司名誉经理；1915年，宜兴鼎蜀镇成立了紫砂业公所、缸业（粗货业）公所、黑货业公所、砂贷业公所和溪货业行会等行业会所；同年，窑户陈荣川，在无锡开办“陈隆福”陶器店；窑户鲍明亮，在上海独资开办“鲍信源祥”陶器店。窑户鲍增泽先后在镇江、南通、苏州三地独资开办了“鲍信盛”陶器店；葛得和陶器店和利用陶器公司生产的紫砂器，在美国三藩市太平洋万国巴拿马博览会上获头等奖和二等奖；1916年，陈元明在宜兴东街开设了“陈鼎和陶器店”；宜兴利用公司在上海豫园设立“利永陶器店“；1917年，江苏省立陶器工厂在宜兴蜀山成立，烧造紫砂的龙窑有十座，年产达100多万件。1923年，窑户高汝舟、鲍驹昂、高芝盘和沈秀林，四人合资，在杭州开办“源隆顺”陶器店；1925年，窑户邹永常，在上海经营铁画轩陶器店。吴德盛陶器行也在上海开设了“吴德盛”分号；1926年，利永公司紫砂大花瓶和多式茶具杯碟，在美国费城万国博览会获特等奖；1928年，窑户邹新谷在无锡独资经营“邹裕大”陶器店。窑户鲍驹昂在江苏南通独资经营“瑞泰”陶器店。窑户周谦绅在浙江杭州独资经营“正大新”陶器店；1930年窑户鲍挺钧在江苏常州独资经营“永大昌”陶器店。窑户鲍驹昂在江苏常州独自经营“永泰”陶器店。窑户周谦绅，在上海独资经营“益大新”陶器店。这一年，宜兴紫砂在比利时行的列日国际博览会上获银牌奖；1931年，美国芝加哥举行世界工艺博览会，中国参展作品在上海预展；这一年，江苏省公立宜兴职业学校成立，内设陶工科，次年改名为窑业科；到了1932年，丁蜀镇紫砂从业人员达了六百多人，全年共烧紫砂器140窑，年产量220万件，年产值42万元，年产值已占宜兴陶瓷工业总产值的15%左右，并直接接受日本、东南亚等国的订货，为近百年宜兴紫砂生产特盛时期。紫砂名家朱可心、程寿珍、俞国良、吴云根和范福奎创作的“云龙紫砂鼎”、“掇球紫砂壶”、“仿古壶”、“传炉壶”等，在美国芝加哥举行的世界工艺博览会展出，均获优秀奖。1933年，窑业科与宜兴职业学校脱钩，在今蜀山北厂单独成立了“江苏省宜兴初级陶瓷职业学校”，简称“省宜陶”，招收高小文化以上的学生，并借用陶器工厂作为学校的实习工厂；1934年，紫砂、粗货（缸业）、黑货、溪货、黄货五个行业，合并组成陶业公会。这一年，李景康、张虹著《阳羡砂壶图考》在香港出版；窑户华荫棠在浙江杭州经营了“信昌”陶瓷店；1935年，紫砂名师范大生创作的紫砂雕塑“鹰”，在英国伦敦国际艺术展览会荣获金奖；1936年，宜兴陶窑达到了空前鼎盛，全年共烧4740窑，年产值达440余万元。1937年，当代陶刻好手毛国强的父亲毛顺生又在宜兴鼎蜀镇蜀山南街开办了“毛顺兴”陶器店。倭寇侵华期间，蜀山陶业跌入低谷，七座紫砂窑，100多间厂房被毁、技工流散，宜兴陶业一蹶不振。

In 1912, Wu Hanwen, a native of Dingshu Town of Yixing who inherited ancestral art and had been making zisha pottery, opened "Wu Desheng Pottery Tour" in Yixing County. Wu Desheng Pottery Tour was the only business specializing in zisha pottery in Yixing at that time. In the same year, Dai Guobao founded Tiehuaxuan Pottery shop in Jixiang Street, Xinbei Gate, Shanghai, Zhou Wenbo set up "Utilize Pottery Company" in Shushan Mountain, Yixing, Ge Yiyun and Japanese businessman Kazuo Wada opened a joint venture pottery shop in Osaka. In 1914, kiln owner Hua Yantang opened the "Hua Wanlong" pottery shop on the edge of Dingshan Mountain in Yixing. In the same year, Han Guo Jun, the civil affairs chief of Jiangsu Province, hired Fan Jun and Ge Yiyun as honorary managers of Yixing Pottery Company to participate in the "Pacific Nations Panama Exposition" in San Francisco, USA.  In the same year, Chen Rongchuan, a kiln owner, opened the "Chen Longfu" pottery shop in Wuxi. Bao Mingliang, a kiln owner, opened the "Bao Xin Yuan Xiang" pottery shop in Shanghai. Bao Zengze, a kiln owner, has set up "Bao Xinsheng" pottery shops in Zhenjiang, Nantong and Suzhou. Goldwell Pottery and the purple clay ware produced by the Pottery Company won first and second prizes at the Pacific Nations Panama Exposition in San Francisco, USA. In 1916, Chen Yuanming opened the "Chen Dinghe Pottery Shop" in Yixing East Street. Yixing Utilization Company set up "Liyong Pottery Shop" in Yuyuan, Shanghai; In 1917, Jiangsu Province Li Pottery Factory was established in Shushan, Yixing. There were ten dragon kilns firing purple sand, with an annual output of more than 1 million pieces. In 1923, the four kiln owners, Gao Ruzhou, Bao Juang, Gao Zhipan and Shen Xiulin, jointly established the "Yuan Longshun" pottery shop in Hangzhou. In 1925, Zou Yongchang, a kiln owner, ran Tiehuaxuan Pottery shop in Shanghai. Wu Desheng Pottery also opened a semicolon "Wu Desheng" in Shanghai. In 1926, Lillon Company purple sand large vase and multi-style tea cup and saucer, won the Grand prize at the World's Fair in Philadelphia, USA; In 1928, kiln owner Zou Xingu in Wuxi sole proprietorship of "Zou Yuda" pottery shop. Bao Juang, a kiln owner, runs Ruitai Pottery shop in Nantong, Jiangsu Province. Kiln owner Zhou Qianshen in Zhejiang Hangzhou sole proprietorship of "Zhengda Xin" pottery shop; In 1930, Bao Tingjun, a kiln owner, operated the "Yongdachang" pottery shop in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. Kiln owner Bao Juang runs his own Yongtai pottery shop in Changzhou, Jiangsu province. Kiln owner Zhou Qianshen, in Shanghai sole proprietorship of "Yi Daxin" pottery shop. In the same year, Yixing purple sand won the silver medal in Liege International Exposition in Belgium. In 1931, the World Craft Fair was held in Chicago, and Chinese works were previewed in Shanghai. In the same year, Yixing Vocational School of Jiangsu Province was established, with the ceramic engineering department, which was renamed the Kiln Industry Department in the following year. By 1932, there were more than 600 people engaged in purple sand production in Dingshu town, with a total annual output of 2.2 million pieces and an annual output value of 420,000 yuan. The annual output value accounted for about 15% of the total output value of Yixing ceramic industry, and it directly accepted orders from Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries, which was the peak period of purple sand production in Yixing for nearly a century. Famous purple sand artists Zhu Kexin, Cheng Shouzhen, Yu Guoliang, Wu Yungen and Fan Fukui created "Cloud Dragon Purple sand Tripod", "Ball Purple Sand Pot", "antique pot", "Furnace Pot" and so on, which were exhibited at the World Craft Fair held in Chicago, USA, and all won excellence awards. In 1933, the kiln section and Yixing Vocational School were separated, and "Jiangsu Yixing Primary Ceramic Vocational School", referred to as "Province Yi Pottery", was set up separately in today's Shushan North Factory. It recruited students with high and primary education and above, and borrowed pottery factory as the school's internship factory.  In the same year, Li Jingkang and Zhang Hong's book "Yang Xian Sand Pot Map" was published in Hong Kong. Kiln owner Hua Yitang runs "Xinchang" ceramic shop in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province; In 1935, the purple sand sculpture "Eagle" created by Fan Dasheng, a famous purple sand master, won the gold medal at the London International Art Exhibition. In 1936, Yixing pottery Kiln reached an unprecedented peak. A total of 4740 kilns were burned in the whole year, with an annual output value of more than 4.4 million yuan.  During Japanese pirates' invasion of China, the pottery industry in Shushan fell to a low point. Seven zisha kilns and more than 100 workshops were destroyed and craftsmen were scattered.

在炮火连天的战争年代，勤劳勇敢的宜兴人以自强不息的中国精神，克服重重困难，让陶业永不荒废。1943年，蒋宏泉在宜兴蜀山南街开设了“宜兴宏生厂”。1945年，窑户鲍耀生在上海独资经营“鲍理泰”陶器店。窑户鲍四房在浙江乍浦独资经营“鲍同泰”陶器店、在上海独资经营“鲍鼎泰”陶器店。抗战胜利后，陶业生产开始复苏，宜兴人鲍曜生在上海关桥开设“鲍生太”陶器店；江苏省建设厅组建了“丁蜀第一陶器生产合作社”；1947年宜兴蜀山第一陶器生产合作社制作的紫砂壶，在“江苏省第一届合作社产品展览会”上荣获特等奖。从此，宜兴陶业开始走向鼎盛。

In the time of war, the industrious and brave Yixing people, with the Chinese spirit of unremitting self-improvement, overcame numerous difficulties and made the pottery industry never abandoned. In 1943, Jiang Hongquan opened "Yixing Hongsheng Factory" in Shushan South Street, Yixing. In 1945, Bao Yaosheng, a kiln owner, operated the "Bao Litai" pottery shop in Shanghai. Bao Sifang, a kiln owner, operates the "Bao Tongtai" pottery shop solely in Zhapu, Zhejiang Province, and the "Bao Dingtai" pottery shop solely in Shanghai. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, pottery production began to recover. Bao Yaosheng, a Yixing man, opened a pottery shop called "Bao Shengtai" in Guanqiao, Shanghai. The Construction Department of Jiangsu Province established "Dingshu No.1 Pottery Production Cooperative". In 1947, the purple clay pot made by Yixing Shushan No.1 Pottery Production Cooperative won the special prize in the First Cooperative Product Exhibition of Jiangsu Province. Since then, Yixing pottery industry began to reach its peak.